CS323:Case Study 4

Waiting State : The process is waiting for some event to occur.

Ready State    :The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor.

      The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is only capable of handling one process at a time. Processes that are ready for the CPU are kept in a queue for "ready" processes. Other processes that are waiting for an event to occur, such as loading information from a hard drive or waiting on an internet connection, are not in the ready queue.

From the READY to WAITING and from the WAITING to RUNNING, no transition would happen because:

             

      In this part of the process, the ready state must be prepared in all aspects. If disturbed as per undergoing transition, ready state might be affected and its job maybe interrupted. So ready state must be ready in every aspect for an effective use of the processor or the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Like in the waiting state, transition is also a no no mainly because it is in a waiting state which basically means it has to keep waiting or standby for its job to come--waiting for peripheral device's response that must be received before the CPU can be effectively used again. In an instance, if a job in the ready state cannot continue because a required device failed, then the job couldn't proceed and will be sent back to the hold state not in the waiting state. 

A ready queue or run queue is used in computer scheduling. Modern computers are capable of running many different programs or processes at the same time. 

Case 3

 Memory Block Size

Block 1 50K

Block 2 200K

Block 3 70K

Block 4 115K

Block 5 15K

a. Job1 (100k) f. Job6 (6k)

turnaround: 3 turnaround: 1

b. Job2 (10k) g. Job7 (25k)

turnaround: 1 turnaround: 1

c. Job3 (35k) h. Job8 (55k)

turnaround: 2 turnaround: 2

d. Job4 (15k) i. Job9 (88k)

turnaround: 1 turnaround: 3

e. Job5 (23k) j. Job10 (100k)

turnaround: 2 turnaround: 3

BEST FIT

FIRST FIT

WORST FIT

CS323: Case study 2

In a multiprogramming and time-sharing environment, several users share the system simultaneously. This situation can result in various security problems. Name at least two of these problems. Can we ensure the same degree of security in a time-share machine as we have in a dedicated machine? Explain your answer.

Primary problems are the privacy and files can be duplicated and fabricated. Also Programs and applications can be copied without proper accounting because of the type of system that is used that can inevitably be shared.

No, it's not as secure as we think it is. Anything that man uses as protection from schemes of threats for security can easily be broken also by man. It just like protecting your computer from virus by buying those protective softwares like anti-virus but who else do you think made the virus that could specifically be quarantined by a the anti-virus you bought?hmm??how ironic but its true.

But I think more appropriate question is "How much less secure is it, and does the added exposure outweigh the cost savings for this application?" If you're working with nuclear launch codes, it's going to be hard to argue for saving money by timesharing. If it's just a bank's database, timesharing makes sense and you get added security there because you can have one guy update software for patching and everybody is running the new software, rather than having 1,000 desktops not all of which are patched. A case can be made that to secure a system, mutli-user operation is required, in order to support multiple roles system admin, security auditor, and user dedicated operations don't provide a suitable audit trail. Also, it's the rare multiprogramming system these days where the operating system is the weak link even Windows provides enough security that your biggest threat are the malicious users.

CS323: Case study 1

Computer Architecture Case Study 1

Explain why we need to study Computer Architecture? What is its significance with your field as an IT or CS student? Differentiate Computer Architecture and Computer Organization?

We need to study not only study computer architecture but to be well knowledge, familiarized or even go beyond that..be “pro” as they say, hustler..

Why?..Why not?.Computers are part of everyone’s life nowadays, a necessity accessible to any ages. Every offices, business establishments, schools and even households has at least one unit of computer for different useful functions. So if one is unknowledgeable to computer architecture, it would be hard to fix even the smallest problems one might encounter that one would call those highly paid professionals just to fix this slightest problem but then you’d realize it is very manageable if you only knew or at least have a background on computer architecture. Another point is that, computer architecture is already complicated on the outside much more inside so if one is to try touch and fix something, one must be firm and certain that he knows exactly what he’s doing to not mix up and make huge mistakes out of the small ones. Being informed with this aspect goes to your advantage, not only in the part of fixing but also in terms of managing the internal and external architecture of your computer like the interconnection of every detail of the computer.

So as a student of Information Technology, you have no right to be called a professional if you’re not informed with computer architecture. Basically, this aspect of the computer is the most basic field to be studied as a student trying to be a future IT Pro.

Computer architecture and computer organization both have important attributes for computers but differs specifically with how it functions to your computers. Computer organization is how operational attributes are linked together and contribute to realize the architectural specifications. Computer architecture is the architectural attributes like physical address memory, CPU and how they should be made and made to coordinate with each other keeping the future demands and goals in mind.

Case 6

I can’t see any disadvantage with this kind of law at all. First of all, with this law, all sorts of individual may be rich or poor, incapacitated or normal, literate or illiterate would not be the main factor that would affect the accessibility of systems, websites and any applications mainly because with the help of this kind of law, it would give a fair access to any of those people mentioned above. It is very user friendly due to the fact that it was made to satisfy and even exceed the needs of the different people in our society. With this, it would be very beneficial especially to people with disabilities that despite all their impairments, they actually have the capacity to do what normal people could with the help of this law, which would give them a fair chance to have a job that most likely favourable to normal people. I actually believe with the help of this law, our industry would boom because we have more man power that is skilled and has enough knowledge to do a certain work. More people would be employed even the disabled ones. And when the time comes, this people with disability would inspire everyone that despite their incapability, they could earn for themselves and start to be independent and be a role model to their community. Educational system would be upgraded and effective that normal and disabled students could share the same education. It would be easy to educate them because of its accessibility for different kinds of people. I'am certain that with the proper use of this law, our country's economy would rise. Our man power would highly be in demand not only nationally but globally that may open many opportunities for our people.

Guidelines

Case 5

Accessibility Guidelines

1. Universal language should be implemented and may consider having a translation for different languages;

2. Access by all sorts of users, they may be novice, beginner or professional;

3. Accessible to users who are visually impaired, deaf and verbally incapacitated with the implementation of different assistive technology;

4. Applications in a system must have set guidelines to help user for easy access;

5. Compatibility of applications,like applications from an OS could be used on a different type of OS and vice versa;

6. Prompting of errors would be helpful, maybe in written or verbal form;

7. Repetition of voice prompts is also a big help for users with disabilities;

8. Prompting to indicate user's identification just once would lessen the user's work load;

9. Terms or words used must be constant for the system's consistency;

10.User friendly interface for everyone to access.

Usability Guidelines

1. Coherency and orderliness of the system should be the number one concern for the system to be effective as for its use in this way, users are directed to the right usage path of the system itself;

2. he system would prompt user to any actions and changes that may occur;

3. Concisiveness for understandable communication between user and interface;

4. Provides adequate information on every action made by the user;

5. Proofreading as a helpful tool to a system that could detect and correct errors made;

6. Cohesiveness of the terms used to lessen the level of difficulty and avoid confusion;

7. Avoid long terms that are hardly remembered by the users that may cause to distractions;

8. Allow user to easily change actions that was done;

9. As much as possible, helping tools should be put in a system that user could ask for assistance and concerns;

10.Consistent shortcuts that would enable user to shorten their work.

Rumor: Apple Upgrading iPad, Releasing 7-inch Model in 2011 By Brennon Slattery, PCWorld

Apple is upgrading its 9.7-inch iPad with a faster ARM processor and is releasing a smaller 7-inch iPad in 2011, according to rumors. Digitimes reports that Apple is set to launch "an upgraded 9.7-inch iPad adopting a new ARM Cortex-A9-based processor and 512MB RAM in the first quarter of 2011." Apple is also prepping "a 7-inch iPad using the Cortex-A9 processor and an IPS panel with a resolution of 1024×768."

What's the New Technology?

The original iPad sported an A4 processor that Apple created on its own. If Digitimes' rumors are true, Apple will switch to the latest ARM technology and integrate the Cortex-A9. ARM boosted the Cortex-A9's processor speed up to 2GHz last year, which could make the iPad a seriously powerful device. The new processor also draws less power, thus improving the iPad's so-so battery life.

The second update is the reuse of IPS (in-plane switching) panel technology for the iPad's screen. In July, Digitimes claimed that Apple was switching to OLED screens for the newest iPads ... that story has apparently changed. IPS is a great kind of LCD for the iPad, as it gives the iPad an impressive wide viewing-angle of up to 178 degrees, whereas other LCD technologies tend to have narrower viewing angles, especially in the vertical direction. Plus it's less expensive than OLED, allowing Apple to cut iPad prices.

What About the Pricing Structure?

A 7-inch iPad will likely cost a lot less than its first-generation brethren, as Apple is known for slashing product prices as the technology evolves. Fast Company notes this business trend by reminding readers about the original $500 to $600 iPhone that had no native apps. Then came the $200 cheaper 3G model with native app support. Then came the 3GS that had the same price as the 3G upon its debut but a faster processor, which knocked the 3G's price down to $100. Fast Company also says that people who buy first-generation Apple products are "suckers" and "lemmings with no self-control and excessive disposable income." Ouch -- but possibly true.

There was a big fallout from the iPhone price cuts too -- something Apple will want to avoid if it overhauls the iPad pricing structure. In 2007 Steve Jobs announced that the iPhone would be $200 cheaper, setting off a slew of protests. A lawsuit was even filed over the price cuts. So if Apple wants to reduce prices on its iPad line, it better do so carefully, as early adopters have a tendency to lash out.

How Reliable Is the Source?

Digitimes is known for Apple rumors, some of which have proven blatantly false. Last November it claimed that the Apple tablet would have a $2,000 price tag. It's also worth noting that Digitimes is quoting its own internal source -- Digitimes' senior research analyst Mingchi Kuo -- therefore, it could be creating its own news and hype.

Digitimes also mentions that the oft-mentioned Verizon iPhone will be revealed at CES 2011. For more on these persistent Verizon iPhone rumors, check out my colleague Ian Paul's analysis of that situation

source:http://www.pcworld.com/article/203013/rumor_apple_upgrading_ipad_releasing_7inch_model_in_2011.html

Speak Now Or Never!: First 3D-Printed Car Hits The Road by Lloyd Alter, Toronto

Speak Now Or Never!: First 3D-Printed Car Hits The Road by Lloyd Alter, Toronto

First 3D-Printed Car Hits The Road by Lloyd Alter, Toronto

The Urbee has been an Automotive X Prize candidate and will be on The Discovery Channel's Canadian flagship Daily Planet. The car, designed by Kor Ecologic of Winnipeg, Canada, is an electric / liquid-fuel hybrid that will get the equivalent of over 200 mpg on the highway and 100 MPG in the city.

But it is also the first car ever to have its entire body printed out on a giant 3D printer.

According to a press release from Stratasys:

Urbee is the first prototype car ever to have its entire body 3D printed with an additive process. All exterior components - including the glass panel prototypes - were created using Dimension 3D Printers and Fortus 3D Production Systems at Stratasys' digital manufacturing service - RedEye on Demand.

The designers at Kor point out the benefits of Fused Deposition Modeling:

"Our goal in designing it was to be as 'green' as possible throughout the design and manufacturing processes. FDM technology from Stratasys has been central to meeting that objective. FDM lets us eliminate tooling, machining, and handwork, and it brings incredible efficiency when a design change is needed. If you can get to a pilot run without any tooling, you have advantages."

The implications for building prototypes are obvious; you go straight from computer to finished part in a lot less time. But imagine a few years down the road, when everyone might order up the car body of their choice from a catalog and just bolt it on a standard chassis. Ding the side? Just print up a replacement.

Goals of the Urbee Project:

1. Use the least amount of energy possible for every kilometer traveled.

2. Cause as little pollution as possible during manufacturing, operation and recycling of the car.

3. Use materials available as close as possible to where the car is built.

4. Use materials that can be recycled again and again.

5. Use parts and materials that last as long as possible.

6. Be simple to understand, build, and repair.

7. Be as safe as possible to drive.

8. Meet the standards and regulations applicable to traditional cars.

9. Be build able in small quantities so we don't have to wait for it to become more widely accepted before we can begin manufacturing it for the public.

10. Be mass-produce able so it can be built more economically once it becomes more widely accepted.

11. Be affordable.

12. Be visually appealing.

Visit this link!

http://youtube.com/watch?v=ouuDaXdHsrE&feature=player_embedded#!

http://youtube.com/watch?v=SPtkOmP_HoA&feature=player_embedded

Case 3

A team of computer expert will be building a new device for the future. It is a HOVER CAR that makes a automobile vehicle to hover

State the possible MENTAL Model, IMPLEMENTATION Model and CONCEPTUAL MODEL

Technologies like gadgets are product of our imaginative minds. It starts from creating images out of our playful imaginations to making it surreal. It’s a step ladder from scratch to a useful device.

So a Hover Car is soon to be built. Never in my wildest dream that this would come into reality but with what I have seen on many movies this cars were very cool and so out of this world. One time I imagined myself riding such car. On the inside, the walls were surrounded by 29 inch flat screen as well as it is a touch screen by that it is like a computer able to access the internet. It has many seating capacity contrary to the not so big appearance when you look from the outside. Has a bathroom where I could take a bath. It doesn’t have a steering wheel that with my command the engine would automatically start to hover. With that I just relaxed inside the car and ate as much as I could from my supplies in the built in fridge. Again with my command, the car went to the location I wanted and just a few minutes, the computer suddenly talked and said “We arrived in the location”. Cool. I could make the car as my house and live there as long as I can. But then as I come back to the reality, I wonder if it would all be possible to have all those stuffs inside a “not so big” of a car, so unimaginable that the experts would have a hard time making it into reality. I bet they would make it as simple like the usual cars and the only difference is that it could hover. I know those things inside my “imagined car” couldn’t be all implemented as for many things are to be considered but if it is conceptualized deeper and researched further, I think great possibility of this car to be invented soon.